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Material Testing
| The following standards are used to specify the various nondestructive
testing methods that can be used for inspecting vehicle components. |
Non Destructive Testing
| The following standards define specific techniques and standards used
for acceptance of nondestructive testing. Nondestructive testing methods
discussed are Liquid Penetrant, and Magnetic Particle |
| Standard: |
ASTM A903 -Standard Specification
for Steel Castings, Surface Acceptance Standards, Magnetic Particle
and Liquid Penetrant Inspection
| | Purpose: |
This specification covers acceptance criteria for the surface
inspection of steel castings when nondestructively examined by magnetic
particle or liquid penetrant inspection.
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| Criteria: |
Specify standard, relevant indications,according to Level (Levels
I,II,III,IV,V)
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| Usage: |
... no relevant indications according to ASTM A903, Level II
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| Standard: |
ASTM E1316 - Standard Terminology
for Nondestructive Examinations
| | Purpose: |
This standard defines the terminology used in the standards prepared
by the E07 Committee on Nondestructive Testing. These nondestructive
testing (NDT) methods include: acoustic emission, electromagnetic
testing, gamma- and X-radiology, leak testing, liquid penetrant examination,
magnetic particle examination, neutron radiology and gaging, ultrasonic
examination, and other technical methods.
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| Criteria: |
N/A
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| Usage: |
Reference Only
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Liquid Penetrant Testing
| The following standards define specific techniques and standards used
for liquid penetrant type, nondestructive testing methods that can be used
for inspecting vehicle components. Liquid penetrant examination is suitable
for determining surface discontinuities on both ferrous and non-ferrous
metals, and other materials. |
| Standard: |
ASTM E1417 - Standard Practice
for Liquid Penetrant Examination
| | Purpose: |
This practice establishes the minimum requirements for conducting
liquid penetrant examination of nonporous metal, and nonmetal components.
This practice is a direct replacement of MIL-STD-6866. The penetrant
examination processes described in this practice are applicable to
in-process, final, and maintenance (in-service) inspections. These
processes are applicable for the detection of discontinuities, such
as lack of fusion, corrosion, cracks, laps, cold shuts, and porosity,
that are open or connected to the surface of the component under examination.
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| Criteria: |
Specify standard, Type of dye, Method, and Sensitivity
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| Usage: |
... per ASTM E1417, Type II, Method C, Sensitivity Level 3
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| Standard: |
ASTM E165 -Standard Test Method
for Liquid Penetrant Examination
| | Purpose: |
This test method covers procedures for penetrant examination of
materials. They are nondestructive testing methods for detecting discontinuities
that are open to the surface such as cracks, seams, laps, cold shuts,
laminations, through leaks, or lack of fusion and are applicable to
in-process, final, and maintenance examination. They can be effectively
used in the examination of nonporous, metallic materials, both ferrous
and nonferrous, and of nonmetallic materials such as glazed or fully
densified ceramics, certain nonporous plastics, and glass.
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| Criteria: |
Specify standard, Type of dye, Method, and Criteria
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| Usage: |
... per ASTM E165, Type I, Method C, (Inspection criteria per
ASTM E433)
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| Standard: |
ASTM E433 - Standard Reference
Photographs for Liquid Penetrant Inspection
| | Purpose: |
Reference photographs are supplied as a means of establishing
types and characteristics of surface discontinuities detectable by
the penetrant inspection methods. Actual dimensions including maximum
length of indications and number of indications per unit area must
be specified by the users of this document. No attempt has been made
to establish limits of acceptability or the metallurgical cause of
a discontinuity.
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| Criteria: |
Specify standard name, desired criteria if any
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| Usage: |
... per ASTM E433, Type II, Class A, (Criteria)
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Magnetic Particle Testing
| The following standards define specific techniques and standards used
for magnetic particle type, nondestructive testing methods, that can be
used for inspecting vehicle components. Magnetic particle examination is
not applicable to nonferromagnetic metals and alloys. Additionally ferrous
metals that have low magnetic permeability, or high alloy steels such as
austenitic stainless steels, may be more effectively tested using dye penetrant
methods. For additional information, please see ASTM E1444 appendix X5.
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| Standard: |
ASTM E709 - Standard Guide
for Magnetic Particle Examination
| | Purpose: |
This guide describes techniques for both dry and wet magnetic
particle examination, a nondestructive method for detecting cracks
and other discontinuities at or near the surface in ferromagnetic
materials. Magnetic particle examination may be applied to raw material,
semifinished material (billets, blooms, castings, and forgings), finished
material and welds, regardless of heat treatment or lack thereof.
It is useful for preventive maintenance examination.
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| Criteria: |
N/A
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| Usage: |
This standard guide is referenced by the more specific ASTM magnetic
particle examination standards and procedures.
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| Standard: |
ASTM E1444 - Standard Practice
for Magnetic Particle Examination
| | Purpose: |
This practice establishes minimum requirements for magnetic particle
examination used for the detection of surface or slightly subsurface
discontinuities in ferromagnetic material. Guide E 709 can be used
in conjunction with this practice as a tutorial. This Practice replaces
MIL-STD-1949. The magnetic particle examination method is used to
detect cracks, laps, seams, inclusions, and other discontinuities
on or near the surface of ferromagnetic materials. Magnetic particle
examination may be applied to raw material, billets, finished and
semifinished materials, welds, and in-service parts.
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| Criteria: |
N/A
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| Usage: |
This standard guide is referenced by the more specific ASTM magnetic
particle examination standards and procedures.
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| Standard: |
ASTM A275 - Standard Test Method
for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
| | Purpose: |
This test method provides a procedure for magnetic particle examination
of steel forgings. This standard does not contain acceptance standards
or recommended quality levels. Only direct current or rectified alternating
(full or half wave) current shall be used as the electric power source
for any of the magnetizing methods. Alternating current is not permitted
because its capability to detect subsurface discontinuities is very
limited and therefore unsuitable.
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| Criteria: |
Specify standard name, desired criteria if any
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| Usage: |
... steel forgings shall be tested for cracks using ASTM A275,
no relevant defects shall be found.
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| Standard: |
ASTM A966 - Standard Test Method
for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings Using Alternating
Current
| | Purpose: |
This test method covers a procedure for the magnetic particle
examination of steel forgings using alternating current as the power
source. Only alternating 50-60 cycle current shall be used as the
electric power source for any of the magnetizing methods. The ability
to detect subsurface discontinuities is very limited when using an
alternating power source, and therefore the test surfaces should be
in the final thermally treated and finish machined condition.
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| Criteria: |
Specify standard name, desired criteria if any
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| Usage: |
... steel forgings shall be tested for cracks using ASTM A966.
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